Construction Detail-Beam to Column Connection
Beam to column connections are very common and a variety of details can be used.
Connections between beams and columns are perhaps the most common structural connection type. A wide range of different types are used, and these include fin plates, end plates, web or flange cleats, and haunched connections.
The fin plate connection is simple and allows easy site installation.
Fin plate connections are based on a single plate welded to the column. Beams are normally attached using two or more bolts through the web. Where necessary adjustment can be provided using slotted holes (for instance horizontally slotted holes in the web of the section attached to the fin plate).
Fin plate connections are suitable for connecting open section beams to any steel column including tubular sections where a simple, principally shear type, connection is required.
End plate connections are simple and neat.
End plate connections have a single plate welded to the end of the beam. This is bolted to the column flange or web using two or more bolts arranged in pairs. Where necessary, adjustment can be provided by slotted holes and shim plates between the end plate and the column.
When the connections are made to hollow section columns it is not possible to install conventional nuts onto the ends of the bolts inside the section. Specially threaded holes or proprietary bolts which incorporate an expanding sleeve should therefore be used.
End plate connections may be partial, flush or extended. Partial depth end plates transmit the minimum bending effect into the column; flush end plates provide a neat detail and allow a greater number of bolts; extended plates enable significant transfer of bending between beam and column, but are not frequently used.
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